Dormancy and longevity of soil-buried weed seeds : from examples to generalization - Institut Agro Rennes-Angers Accéder directement au contenu
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2012

Dormancy and longevity of soil-buried weed seeds : from examples to generalization

Résumé

The main part of the life-cycle of weeds, especially in cultivated fields, is spent as seeds buried in the soil. Longevity and dormancy are two major traits driving weed survival and infestation in the framework of crop rotation and management. Modelling allows inference of these key processes from morpho-anatomical description of the seeds, thus avoiding long-term germination studies of buried seeds over the years. Two new sets of experimental data on two different weeds offer the opportunity to compare actual results to predicted values. This study deals with cornflower (Centaurea cyanus), a winter weed of cereals and oilseed rape in regression in Western Europe, and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), a spring-emerging weed in oilseed rape and cereals abundant in acidic soil. Cornflower has naked seeds while wild radish seeds are protected from water and oxygen access and fungal and bacterial attacks within pod segments. In addition, we used small and large-seeded populations of wild radish in order to increase morphological variation. Seeds were buried in the soil 30 cm below surface, and a fraction was excavated every month for three years, and then tested for survival and dormancy. Survival of cornflower seeds declined quickly after two years while no mortality was observed for wild radish. The prediction of longevity in terms of seed coat thickness fitted the expected range of values. Both species displayed seasonal dormancy, the peak of germination being delayed by two months for wild radish versus cornflower. Consequences on life-cycle and infestation potential are discussed as well as the efficiency of interpolating traits values from other species.
Fichier non déposé

Dates et versions

hal-01173284 , version 1 (07-07-2015)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01173284 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 256637

Citer

Henri Darmency, Solène Bellanger, Yann Tricault, Antoine Gardarin, Nathalie Colbach. Dormancy and longevity of soil-buried weed seeds : from examples to generalization. VI. International Weed Science Congress, Jun 2012, Hangzhou, China. ⟨hal-01173284⟩
175 Consultations
0 Téléchargements

Partager

Gmail Facebook X LinkedIn More